Power Supply for NodeMCU with Battery Charger & Boost Converter

Overview: Power Supply for NodeMCU
In this tutorial, we will learn how we can make
Power Supply for NodeMCU ESP8266 Board
. We will also integrate a
Battery Booster
or
Boost Converter Circuit
so that NodeMCU can be operated through
3.7V Lithium-Ion Battery
. The Battery can get discharged after using it for a long time, so we will also integrate a
Battery Charger Circuit
to the Board which has a feature of Battery Management System. Earlier we designed
Power Supply for ESP32
, we will redesign the same circuit here for ESP32.
Most of the Lithium-Ion Batteries available in the market can only fully charge up to
4.2V
which is not enough for NodeMCU Board. So we need to convert the voltage from Battery to
5V
. That is the reason why we are using a small
boost converter Module
made using some inductors, IC & resistor. Similarly to charge the battery and manage the battery we will use
TP4056 Battery Charger Module
Apart from this we can power this circuit using
9V/12V Adapter
as well. The
LM7805 Voltage regulator IC
limits the voltage up to
5V
only. If you don’t want to power the circuit using Battery, you can use the DC Power Adapter.
Power Required By NodeMCU
Nodemcu operates at
5v & 3.3V
. For 3.3V there is already an
LDO voltage regulator
to keep the voltage steady at
3.3V
. NodeMCU can be powered using
Micro USB jack
and
VIN
pin (External Supply Pin).
The power required by NodeMCU is
600mA
, as ESP8266 pulls as much as
80mA
during RF transmissions. During boot or wifi operation it’s drawing up to
200mA
peak current. Thus supply power from Micro-USB Cable is not enough for NodeMCU Board when we are adding multiple sensors or modules to the Board. This is because Computer USB port can provide less than
500mA
of current. Check more about Nodemcu Power requirement here:
Nodemcu ESP8266 Datasheets
Bill of Materials
Following are the
components
required for making this
NodeMCU Power Supply project
. All the components can be easily purchased from
Amazon
. The component purchase link is given below.
S.N.
Components Name
Quantity

NodeMCU ESP8266 Board

TP4056 Battery Charger Module

LM7805 5V Voltage Regulator IC

DC Power Jack DCJ0202

3.7V to 5V Boost Converter Module

3 Pin SPDT Switch

Capacitor 470uF, 25V

Capacitor 100uF,16V

LED 5mm Any Color

Resistor 220-ohm

Female Header
4 Set

Male Headers
1 Set
3.7V to 5V Step-Up Boost Converter Module
This is the
Step-Up DC-DC Boost converter module
which provides
5V DC stable voltage
output at various input ranges between
1.5V to 5V
. This small tiny circuit boosts the voltage level and provides the amplified stabilized 5V output. This module operates at a frequency of modules operate at
frequency 150KHZ
. For the different input ranges, it consumes a different amount of current to produce a balanced output.
1. Input 1-1.5V, output 5V 40-100mA
2. Input 1.5-2V, output 5V 100-150mA
3. Input 2-3V, output 5V 150-380mA
4. Input more than 3V, output 5V 380-480mA
TP4056 Battery Charger Module
This
3.7V Battery Charger TP4056 module
is made for charging rechargeable lithium batteries using the
constant-current/constant-voltage
(CC/CV) charging method. In addition to safely charging a lithium battery, TP4056 BMS Board also provides the necessary protection required by lithium batteries. The TP4056 is suitable for
USB power
and adapter power supplies. Due to the internal
PMOSFET
architecture and anti-reverse charging path, no external
isolation diodes
are required.
To learn more about this module, you can go through its datasheet here:
TP4056 Module Datasheet
Power Supply Circuit for NodeMCU with Battery Charger & Boost Converter
The
Circuit Diagram
for Power Supply Circuit for NodeMCU with Battery Charger & Boost Converter is given below. The circuit can be powered using two methods, one with 9V/12V DC Adapter and other with 3.7V Lithium-Ion Battery.
For powering the Board using DC Jack, we have used
DCJ0202 Female Jack
. We used
470uF & 100uF Electrolytic Capacitor
to avoid DC fluctuations and remove voltage spikes. The
LM7805
Voltage regulator
IC
can take the input voltage from
7V to 35V
. But is recommended to use the input voltage up to 15V only. With an increase in voltage, there is more
heat dissipation
that requires a bigger
heat sink
. The output from the Voltage regulator is connected to the
Vin
pin of NodeMCU &
GND
is connected to GND. Hence you can power up the module using
9V/12V DC Adapter
or by
9V Battery
On the other hand, if you don’t want to power up the NodeMCU using DC Adapter, you can use
3.7V Lithium-Ion
or
Lithium Polymer Battery
. Using the
Boost Converter Module
3.7V is boosted to 5V (
can work from 2.8V input to 4.2V input
). The 5V boosted voltage is connected to switch and the switch is connected to 5V Vin pin of NodeMCU. The Battery terminal is also connected to the output terminal of the
TP4056 Battery Charger Module
. Thus the battery can be charged using
5V MicroUSB Data Cable
The board has an
LED
connected via
220ohm resistor
which is used to indicate the Module is powered ON. While charging the battery, it is recommended to turn off the
SPDT switch
PCB Designing
The
PCB for Power Supply for NodeMCU
with Battery Charger & Booster is given below. The PCB is designed using EasyEDA PCB Designing tool. The front view & the backview of the PCB is given below.
The Gerber File for the PCB is given below. You can download the Gerber File & go for PCB ordering.
Dowload Gerber File: Power Supply for NodeMCU
We have also designed a better version of the
E
SP8266 Battery-powered board
that can be used for IoT applications. The board is compact and can be powered with Battery and also has a charging circuit built on the PCB.